PFAS “forever chemicals” found in fish along NSW’s Belubula River

Three carp caught in a 10 kilometre stretch of central west New South Wales’ Belubula River were found to have PFOS in their livers, according to a report from the ABC.

Farmers in the area are concerned about the impact the contamination will have on their farms and livestock.

“The Belubula River is absolutely central to running our cattle,” local farm manager Harry Grey told the ABC. “We pump out of it, we also water our veggies with it, and we swim in it as I’m sure a lot of the other locals do too.”

The NSW Environment Protection Authority has been testing the river since May, with its latest sampling finding PFAS substances in 16 of the 20 sites sampled.

PFAS refers to polyfluoroalkyl substances, a group of synthetic chemicals that have become known as “forever chemicals” because they resist breakdown. They’ve been widely used worldwide in industry and household because of their fire retardant, waterproofing, and stain resisting qualities.

The EPA’s testing determined the highest concentrations of PFOS (a type of PFAS) were in Cowriga Creek, downstream from a composting facility, and Mackenzies Waterholes Creek, downstream of Blayney landfill.

PFAS chemicals are toxic to humans, with exposure causing increased risk of negative health effects, including cancer, lowered immune system, decreased fertility, and altered hormones. In Australia, The Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water plans to introduce national controls for PFAS chemicals from 1 July 2025.

The EPA believes the current risk to livestock is low, but will be taking precautionary soil samples at adjacent properties where livestock graze.